DPP-4 Inhibitors Improve Diabetic Wound Healing via Direct and Indirect Promotion of Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition and Reduction of Scarring

Diabetes. 2018 Mar;67(3):518-531. doi: 10.2337/db17-0934. Epub 2017 Dec 18.

Abstract

Patients with diabetes often experience multiple disease complications. Hypoglycemic agents can have both positive and negative effects on diabetic complications, which should be carefully assessed when personalized treatment strategies are developed. In this study we report that dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitors (DPP-4is), a group of widely used antihyperglycemic agents, can improve diabetic wound healing, independent of their beneficial effects on glycemic control. In particular, DPP-4is promoted the migration and epithelial-mesenchymal transition of keratinocytes, directly and indirectly, by inducing stromal cell-derived factor 1α production of fibroblasts in vitro and in diabetic mice. In addition, DPP-4is attenuated collagen synthesis and deposition, which may diminish scar formation. Furthermore, the results of a randomized clinical trial (NCT02742233) involving 67 patients with type 2 diabetes supported the role of DPP-4i treatment in diabetic wound healing. Our findings support the application of DPP-4i as a preferred option for treating ulcers in patients with diabetes.

Publication types

  • Randomized Controlled Trial
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Animals
  • Cell Line
  • Cell Movement / drug effects
  • Cells, Cultured
  • Cicatrix / prevention & control*
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / complications
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / drug therapy*
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / metabolism
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / pathology
  • Diabetic Foot / drug therapy*
  • Diabetic Foot / metabolism
  • Diabetic Foot / pathology
  • Diabetic Foot / physiopathology
  • Dipeptidyl-Peptidase IV Inhibitors / adverse effects
  • Dipeptidyl-Peptidase IV Inhibitors / pharmacology
  • Dipeptidyl-Peptidase IV Inhibitors / therapeutic use*
  • Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition / drug effects*
  • Female
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Humans
  • Hyperglycemia / prevention & control
  • Keratinocytes / cytology
  • Keratinocytes / drug effects*
  • Keratinocytes / metabolism
  • Keratinocytes / pathology
  • Male
  • Mice, Inbred C57BL
  • Mice, Knockout
  • Middle Aged
  • Severity of Illness Index
  • Wound Healing / drug effects*

Substances

  • Dipeptidyl-Peptidase IV Inhibitors