Risk factors associated with perioperative morbidity and mortality following isolated tricuspid valve replacement

Abstract

Background: Reports of isolated tricuspid valve replacement (iTVR) are relatively rare. The present study aimed to evaluate independent risk factors of perioperative morbidity and mortality after iTVR.

Materials and methods: We retrospectively reviewed 118 consecutive patients (42 males; mean age, 49.1 ± 12.9 y) who underwent iTVR from May 2003 to April 2016 in our center. The multivariate logistic regression model was used to analyze the independent risk factors associated with perioperative morbidity and mortality following iTVR.

Results: One hundred one patients (85.6%) were classified as New York Heart Association functional class III or IV preoperatively. The overall perioperative mortality was 11.8% (14/118), and a significant difference was observed between the nonreoperative group and the reoperative group (6.7% versus 18.3%, P = 0.047). The multivariate logistic regression analyses identified that preoperative New York Heart Association functional class IV (OR [odds ratio] = 15.43, 95% CI [confidence interval] = 3.46-68.83, P = 0.000) and ascites (OR = 4.88, 95% CI = 1.24-19.27, P = 0.024) were independent risk factors of perioperative deaths. The previous cardiac surgery (OR = 3.28, 95% CI = 1.41-7.62, P = 0.006) was independently associated with perioperative major adverse events.

Conclusions: The present study revealed that iTVR has relatively high mortality and morbidity rates. Timely surgery may be recommended for this high-risk cohort of patients before the development of severe heart and end-organ failure.

Keywords: Isolated tricuspid valve replacement; Mortality; Risk factor.