An Investigation into the Trueness and Precision of Copy Denture Templates Produced by Rapid Prototyping and Conventional Means

Abstract

Objective: To assess the trueness and precision of copy denture templates produced using traditional methods and 3D printing.

Material and methods: Six copies of a denture were made using: 1. Conventional technique with silicone putty in an impression tray (CT). 2. Conventional technique with no impression tray (CNT). 3. 3D scanning and printing (3D). Scan trueness and precision was investigated by scanning a denture six times and comparing five scans to the sixth. Then the scans of the six CT, CNT and 3D dentures were compared by aligning, in turn, the copies of each denture to the scanned original. Outcome measures were the mean surface-to-surface distance, standard deviation of that distance and the maximum distance. Student's unpaired t-tests with Bonferroni correction were used to analyse the results.

Results: The repeated scans of the original denture showed a scan trueness of 0.013mm (SD 0.002) and precision of 0.013mm (SD 0.002). Trueness: CT templates, 0.168mm (0.047), CNT templates 0.195mm (0.034) and 3D 0.103mm (0.021). Precision: CT templates 0.158mm (0.037), CNT 0.233mm (0.073), 3D 0.090mm (0.017). For each outcome measure the 3D templates demonstrated an improvement which was statistically significant (p⟨0.05).

Conclusions: 3D printed copy denture templates reproduced the original with greater trueness and precision than conventional techniques.

Keywords: 3D Printing; Additive Manufacture; Complete Denture Duplication; Dental Prostheses; Dimensional Measurement Accuracy; Prosthodontics; Removable Denture.