Life on the driveline: Molecular detection and fluorescence in situ hybridization-based visualization of microbial species in patients with left ventricular assist devices

Affiliations

• ¹ Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, German Heart Center Berlin, Berlin, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Germany.
• ² DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Germany; Biofilm Center, German Heart Center Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Institute for Microbiology and Hygiene, Berlin, Germany.
• ³ Biofilm Center, German Heart Center Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
• ⁴ Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, German Heart Center Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
• ⁵ Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, German Heart Center Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Biofilm Center, German Heart Center Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
• ⁶ Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, German Heart Center Berlin, Berlin, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Germany; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany.
• ⁷ DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Germany; Biofilm Center, German Heart Center Berlin, Berlin, Germany.