Aim: To describe real-world treatment patterns of gastrointestinal neuroendocrine tumors (GI NET).
Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, we used 2009-2014 data from 2 United States commercial claims databases to examine newly pharmacologically treated patients using tabular and graphical techniques. Treatments included somatostatin analogues (SSA), cytotoxic chemotherapy (CC), targeted therapy (TT), interferon (IF) and combinations. We identified patients at least 18 years of age, with ≥ 1 inpatient or ≥ 2 outpatient claims for GI NET who initiated pharmacologic treatment from 7/1/09-6/30/14. A 6 mo clean period prior to first treatment ensured patients were newly treated. Patients were followed until end of enrollment or the study end date, whichever was first.
Results: We identified 2258 newly treated GI NET patients: mean (SD) age was 55.6 years (SD = 9.7), 47.2% of the patients were between 55 and 64 years, and 48.8% were female. All regions of the United States were represented. 59.6% started first-line therapy with SSA monotherapy (964 with octreotide LAR, 380 with octreotide SA, and 1 with lanreotide), 33.3% CC, 3.6% TT, and 0.5% IF. The remainder received combinations. Mean follow up was 576 d. Overall mean first-line therapy duration was 361 d (449 d for SSA, 215 for CC, 267 for TT). 58.9% of patients had no pharmacological treatment beyond first line. The most common second-line was combination therapy with SSA. In graphical pattern analysis, there was no clear pattern visible after first line therapy.
Conclusion: In this study, 60% of patients initiated treatment with SSA alone or in combination. The relatively long time to discontinuation suggests possible sustained effectiveness and tolerability.
Keywords: Chemotherapy; Gastrointestinal neuroendocrine tumors; Insurance claims; Somatostatin analogue; Targeted therapy; Treatment patterns.