Outcomes of endovascular treatment for acute large-vessel ischaemic stroke more than 6 h after symptom onset

J Intern Med. 2017 Dec;282(6):537-545. doi: 10.1111/joim.12680. Epub 2017 Sep 25.

Abstract

Background and objectives: Benefit from endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) for large-vessel occlusion (LVO) acute ischaemic stroke (AIS) is well demonstrated. Furthermore, emerging evidence supports efficacy in appropriately selected patients treated beyond current recommendations of 6 h. We evaluated clinical outcomes in patients undergoing late EVT at our institution.

Methods: Retrospective review of prospectively collected clinical database on 355 patients who underwent EVT for LVO AIS. Data collected consisted of patient demographics, radiological findings and outcome details. Outcomes, including 90-day functional status, recanalization, symptomatic intracranial haemorrhage (sICH) and 90-day mortality, for patients undergoing EVT <6 h, >6 h, and >7.3 h, were compared.

Results: A total of 355 patients underwent EVT for LVO AIS at our institution during the review period, with 74 (21%) patients treated ≥6 h from symptom onset. Successful recanalization was achieved in 285 (80%) patients, with 228 (81%) achieving a mTICI ≥2b in the <6 h group, and 57 (77%) in the >6 h group (P = 0.429). Ninety-day functional independence (mRS 0-2) was achieved in 162 (46%) patients, with 130 (46%) achieving a mRS of 0-2 in the <6 h group, and 32 (43%) in the >6 h group (P = 0.643). No significant differences were found in rates of sICH or 90-day mortality. No significant differences in functional independence, recanalization rates, sICH or mortality were identified in patients treated with EVT >7.3 h compared to <7.3 h.

Conclusions: In appropriately selected patients, EVT >6 h was associated with comparable outcomes to those treated <6 h. These data support a physiological approach to patient selection.

Keywords: delayed presentation; endovascular; intervention; interventional neuroradiology; ischaemia reperfusion; large-vessel occlusion; neurology; radiology; recanalization; stroke; thrombectomy; thrombolysis.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study
  • Multicenter Study

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Brain Ischemia / diagnostic imaging
  • Brain Ischemia / mortality
  • Brain Ischemia / therapy*
  • Endovascular Procedures* / methods
  • Endovascular Procedures* / mortality
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Ireland
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Patient Selection
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Risk Factors
  • Stroke / diagnostic imaging
  • Stroke / mortality
  • Stroke / therapy*
  • Thrombectomy* / methods
  • Time Factors
  • Treatment Outcome