Prosthetic mitral valve paravalvular leak: A problem that requires dexterity

Cardiovasc Revasc Med. 2018 Jan-Feb;19(1 Pt B):126-132. doi: 10.1016/j.carrev.2017.07.014. Epub 2017 Jul 24.

Abstract

Prosthetic valve paravalvular leak (PVL) is a known and relatively common complication of surgical valve replacement, which may lead to significant morbidity. Patients with significant mitral valve replacement (MVR) PVL typically present with symptoms of heart failure and elevated filling pressures or with hemolytic anemia. Percutaneous closure of these leaks has become the preferred therapy. Percutaneous closure of MVR PVL can be technically challenging, given the anatomy of the approach (trans-septal, trans-apical), the level of associated comorbidities and the geographic location of the paravalvular defect. Steerable catheters offer a unique ability to position themselves coaxial to the PVL. The Dexterity catheter (Spirus Medical LLC, Bridgewater, MA, USA) is a semi-rigid steerable catheter used in our lab with the ability to articulate at two separate points on the distal tip and flex greater than 360 degrees. We present cases of surgical valves that developed PVL which underwent successful repair with a Dexterity catheter.

Keywords: Mitral valve; Paravalvular leak; Prosthetic valve; Steerable catheter.

Publication types

  • Case Reports

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Cardiac Catheterization / instrumentation*
  • Cardiac Catheters*
  • Echocardiography, Doppler, Color
  • Echocardiography, Three-Dimensional
  • Echocardiography, Transesophageal
  • Female
  • Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation / adverse effects*
  • Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation / instrumentation*
  • Heart Valve Prosthesis*
  • Humans
  • Middle Aged
  • Mitral Valve / diagnostic imaging
  • Mitral Valve / physiopathology
  • Mitral Valve / surgery*
  • Mitral Valve Insufficiency / diagnostic imaging
  • Mitral Valve Insufficiency / etiology
  • Mitral Valve Insufficiency / physiopathology
  • Mitral Valve Insufficiency / therapy*
  • Prosthesis Failure*
  • Treatment Outcome