Atherectomy Devices for the Treatment of Calcified Coronary Lesions

Abstract

The presence of moderate and severe coronary artery calcification (CAC) is associated with higher rates of angiographic complications during percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), as well as higher major adverse cardiac events compared with noncalcified lesions. Diabetes mellitus, a risk factor for CAC, is increasing in the United States. Vessel preparation before PCI with atherectomy can facilitate successful stent delivery and expansion that may otherwise not be possible. We review here CAC prevalence, risk factors, and impact on PCI, as well as the currently available coronary atherectomy devices including rotational atherectomy, orbital atherectomy, and laser atherectomy.

Keywords: Angioplasty; Atherectomy; Calcification; Coronary; Coronary artery disease; Orbital atherectomy; Percutaneous coronary intervention; Stents.