Modulation of gut microbiota contributes to curcumin-mediated attenuation of hepatic steatosis in rats

Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj. 2017 Jul;1861(7):1801-1812. doi: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2017.03.017. Epub 2017 Mar 21.

Abstract

Background: Structural disruption of gut microbiota contributes to the development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and modulating the gut microbiota represents a novel strategy for NAFLD prevention. Although previous studies have demonstrated that curcumin alleviates hepatic steatosis, its effect on the gut microbiota modulation has not been investigated.

Methods: Next generation sequencing and multivariate analysis were utilized to evaluate the structural changes of gut microbiota in a NAFLD rat model induced by high fat-diet (HFD) feeding.

Results: We found that curcumin attenuated hepatic ectopic fat deposition, improved intestinal barrier integrity, and alleviated metabolic endotoxemia in HFD-fed rats. More importantly, curcumin dramatically shifted the overall structure of the HFD-disrupted gut microbiota toward that of lean rats fed a normal diet and altered the gut microbial composition. The abundances of 110 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were altered by curcumin. Seventy-six altered OTUs were significantly correlated with one or more hepatic steatosis associated parameters and designated 'functionally relevant phylotypes'. Thirty-six of the 47 functionally relevant OTUs that were positively correlated with hepatic steatosis associated parameters were reduced by curcumin.

Conclusion: These results indicate that curcumin alleviates hepatic steatosis in part through stain-specific impacts on hepatic steatosis associated phylotypes of gut microbiota in rats.

General significance: Compounds with antimicrobial activities should be further investigated as novel adjunctive therapies for NAFLD.

Keywords: Curcumin; Gut microbiota; Hepatic steatosis.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Curcumin / pharmacology*
  • Diet, High-Fat
  • Gastrointestinal Microbiome / drug effects*
  • Gastrointestinal Microbiome / physiology
  • High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing
  • Male
  • Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease / drug therapy*
  • Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease / microbiology
  • Rats
  • Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Substances

  • Curcumin