Biomarkers of exposure to environmental contaminants in French pregnant women from the Elfe cohort in 2011

Environ Int. 2016 Dec:97:56-67. doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2016.10.013. Epub 2016 Oct 24.

Abstract

Background: As part of the perinatal component of the French Human Biomonitoring (HBM) program, biomarkers levels of various chemicals have been described among pregnant women having given birth in continental France in 2011 and who have been enrolled in the Elfe cohort (French Longitudinal Study since Childhood). This paper describes the design of the study and provides main descriptive results regarding exposure biomarkers levels.

Methods: Exposure biomarkers were measured in biological samples collected at delivery from pregnant women randomly selected among the participants in the clinical and biological component of the Elfe cohort (n=4145). The geometric mean and percentiles of the levels distribution were estimated for each biomarker. The sampling design was taken into account in order to obtain estimates representative of the French pregnant women in 2011.

Results: Results provide a nation-wide representative description of biomarker levels for important environmental contaminants among pregnant women who gave birth in France in 2011. Bisphenol A (BPA), and some metabolites of phthalates, pesticides (mainly pyrethroids), dioxins, furans, polychlorobiphenyls (PCBs), brominated flame retardants (BFRs), perfluorinated compounds (PFCs) and metals (except uranium) were quantified in almost 100% of the pregnant women. Some compounds showed a downward trend compared to previous studies (lead, mercury), but others did not (pyrethroids) and should be further monitored.

Conclusion and perspectives: The present results show that French pregnant women are exposed to a wide variety of pollutants, including some that have been banned or restricted in France.

Keywords: Biomonitoring; Endocrine disruptor; Environmental exposure; Metals; Pregnant women.

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Benzhydryl Compounds / analysis
  • Benzhydryl Compounds / toxicity
  • Biomarkers / blood
  • Biomarkers / urine
  • Child
  • Dioxins / analysis
  • Dioxins / toxicity
  • Environmental Monitoring
  • Environmental Pollutants / adverse effects*
  • Environmental Pollutants / blood
  • Environmental Pollutants / urine
  • Environmental Pollution / adverse effects
  • Female
  • Flame Retardants / analysis
  • Flame Retardants / toxicity
  • France
  • Furans / analysis
  • Furans / toxicity
  • Humans
  • Longitudinal Studies
  • Pesticides / analysis
  • Pesticides / toxicity
  • Phenols / analysis
  • Phenols / toxicity
  • Phthalic Acids / analysis
  • Phthalic Acids / toxicity
  • Polychlorinated Biphenyls / analysis
  • Polychlorinated Biphenyls / toxicity
  • Pregnancy
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • Benzhydryl Compounds
  • Biomarkers
  • Dioxins
  • Environmental Pollutants
  • Flame Retardants
  • Furans
  • Pesticides
  • Phenols
  • Phthalic Acids
  • phthalic acid
  • Polychlorinated Biphenyls
  • bisphenol A