The effect of a nurse-led telephone-based care coordination program on the follow-up and control of cardiovascular risk factors in patients with coronary artery disease

Abstract

Objective: We sought to analyse the impact of a care coordination protocol on transiting patients with coronary artery disease who had undergone percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) to primary care and its effect on cardiovascular risk factor control.

Design: A prospective observational study involving 492 patients who had undergone PCI either electively or after an acute coronary syndrome.

Setting: A tertiary institution in Singapore.

Participants: Patients who had undergone a PCI either electively or after an acute coronary syndrome.

Interventions: The SCORE (Standardized Care for Optimal Outcomes, Right-Siting and Rapid Re-evaluation) program was a nurse-led, telephone-based, care coordination protocol.

Main outcome measures: Transition to primary care within 1 year of enrolment, the achievement of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) level of <2.6 mmol/l within 1 year and hospital admissions related to cardiovascular causes within 1 year were studied.

Results: Under the SCORE protocol, a significantly higher number of patients transited to primary care and achieved the LDL target within 1 year, as compared with non-SCORE patients. Discharge to primary care and achievement of target LDL continued to be higher among those under the SCORE protocol even after multivariate analysis. Rates of hospital admission due to cardiovascular causes were not significantly different.

Conclusions: Care coordination improved the rate of transition of post-PCI patients to primary care and improved LDL control, with no difference in the rate of hospital admissions due to cardiovascular causes. These findings support the implementation of a standardized follow-up protocol in patients who have undergone PCI.

Keywords: cardiovascular diseases; care pathways/disease management; cholesterol; coronary artery disease; percutaneous coronary intervention.