Therapeutic alternatives after aborted sternotomy at the time of surgical aortic valve replacement in the TAVI Era-Five centre experience and systematic review

Int J Cardiol. 2016 Nov 15:223:1019-1024. doi: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2016.08.301. Epub 2016 Aug 23.

Abstract

Background: We aimed to analyze causes, management, and outcomes of the unexpected need to abort sternotomy in aortic stenosis (AS) patients accepted for surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR) in the transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) era.

Methods: Cases of aborted sternotomy (AbS) were gathered from 5 centers between 2009 and 2014. A systematic review of all published cases in the same period was performed.

Results: A total of 31 patients (71% males, 74±8years, LogEuroSCORE 11.9±7.4%) suffered an AbS (0.19% of all sternotomies). Main reasons for Abs included previously unknown porcelain aorta (PAo) in 83.9%, mediastinal fibrosis due to radiotherapy in 12.9%, and chronic mediastinitis in 3.2%. Median time between AbS and next intervention was 2.3months (IQR: 0.7-5.8) with no mortality within this period. Only a case was managed with open surgery. In 30 patients (96.8%) TAVI was performed with a rate of success of 86.7%. Three patients (9.7%) presented in-hospital death and 17 (54.8%) had in-hospital complications including heart failure (9.6%), major bleeding (6.9%), and acute kidney injury (9.6%). Older patients (76±8 vs. 70±8years, p=0.045), previous cardiac surgery (60% vs. 15.4%, p=0.029), and shorter time from AbS to next intervention (5.1±5 vs. 1±0.7months, p=0.001) were related to higher six-month mortality (22.6%).

Conclusions: The main reason for AbS was PAo. This entity was associated to a higher rate of complications and mortality, especially in older patients and with prior cardiac surgery. A preventive strategy in these subgroups might be based on imaging evaluation. TAVI was the most extended therapy.

Keywords: Aborted sternotomy; Porcelain aorta; Sutureless bioprosthesis; TAVI.

Publication types

  • Review
  • Systematic Review

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Aortic Diseases / epidemiology
  • Aortic Valve / surgery
  • Aortic Valve Stenosis / surgery*
  • Female
  • Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation* / adverse effects
  • Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation* / methods
  • Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation* / statistics & numerical data
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Mediastinal Diseases / epidemiology
  • Mortality
  • Outcome and Process Assessment, Health Care
  • Reoperation* / methods
  • Reoperation* / statistics & numerical data
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Risk Factors
  • Spain
  • Sternotomy* / methods
  • Sternotomy* / statistics & numerical data
  • Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement / methods
  • Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement / statistics & numerical data