Schwann cells and neurite outgrowth from embryonic dorsal root ganglions are highly mechanosensitive

Nanomedicine. 2017 Feb;13(2):493-501. doi: 10.1016/j.nano.2016.06.011. Epub 2016 Jul 4.

Abstract

Biochemical interactions between Schwann cells (SCs) and their substrate are crucial for the peripheral nervous systems (PNS). They are among the major parameters used in the design of nerve grafts for nerve injuries treatment, yet with unsatisfactory success despite pressing need worldwide. Mounting evidence demonstrates the fundamental physiological importance of mechanical cell-substrate interactions. Substrate stiffness modulates cell differentiation, development, maintenance and regeneration. Mechanosensitivity may therefore be a key parameter to advancing nerve graft research. However, very little is known about PNS mechanosensitivity. Here, we explore mechanosensitivity of SCs and embryonic dorsal root ganglions (DRGs) under constant biochemical conditions but varying substrate stiffness adjusted to their physiological-developmental nature. We found SC stiffness, morphology, adhesion, motility, and neurite outgrowth from DRGs to be strongly substrate stiffness-dependent. These initial observations refine our knowledge of PNS physiology, development and regeneration, and demonstrate promise for advancing nerve grafts.

Keywords: Atomic force microscopy; Mechanosensitivity; Nerve regeneration; Peripheral nervous system; Schwann cells.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Cell Differentiation
  • Cell Movement*
  • Cells, Cultured
  • Ganglia, Spinal*
  • Nerve Regeneration
  • Neuronal Outgrowth*
  • Rats, Sprague-Dawley
  • Schwann Cells*