Effectiveness and Safety of Imipenem-Clavulanate Added to an Optimized Background Regimen (OBR) Versus OBR Control Regimens in the Treatment of Multidrug-Resistant and Extensively Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis

Affiliations

• ¹ Division of Infection.
• ² Clinical Epidemiology and Medical Statistics Unit, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Research, Medical Education and Professional Development Unit, AOU Sassari.
• ³ WHO Collaborating Centre for TB and Lung Diseases Public Health Consulting Group, Lugano, Switzerland.
• ⁴ WHO Collaborating Centre for TB and Lung Diseases.
• ⁵ University Center of Araraquara Hospital Nestor Goulart Reis, São Paulo State Secretary of Health, Brazil.
• ⁶ International Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease (The Union) MDR-TB Unit, Tuberculosis Division.
• ⁷ Departments of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology.
• ⁸ MDR-TB Unit, Tuberculosis Division Pneumology Department, Hospital General de Gran Canaria "Dr. Negrin," Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain.
• ⁹ National Referral Centre for Mycobacteria, Athens Chest Hospital, Ministry of Health, Greece.
• ¹⁰ Respiratory Infectious Diseases Unit, National Institute for Infectious Diseases "L. Spallanzani," Rome.
• ¹¹ Republican Research and Practical Centre for Pulmonology and Tuberculosis, Minsk.
• ¹² National Institute for TB, Lung Diseases and Thoracic Surgery, Vysne Hagy, Catholic University Ruzomberok, Ruzomberok, Slovakia.
• ¹³ University Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for TB/HIV Coinfection and for TB Elimination, University of Brescia and Brescia Spedali Civili General Hospital.
• ¹⁴ Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna.
• ¹⁵ National Tuberculosis Control Programme, Ministry of Health.
• ¹⁶ AOVV E. Morelli Hospital, Reference Hospital for MDR and HIV-TB, Sondalo.
• ¹⁷ National Tuberculosis Control Programme, Pulmonology Hospital Alfredo J. Valenzuela, Guayaquil, Ecuador.
• ¹⁸ International Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease (The Union), Paris, France.
• ¹⁹ Pulmonary Diseases & Tuberculosis, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, TB Center Beatrixoord.
• ²⁰ Educational Institution, Grodno State Medical University, Belarus.
• ²¹ KNCV Tuberculosis Foundation, Den Haag, The Netherlands.
• ²² Department of Respiratory Medicine, Queen Mary University.
• ²³ Division of Infectious Diseases, CHU Saint-Pierre, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Belgium.
• ²⁴ Pneumology Unit, Fondazione S. Maugeri, IRCCS (Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico), Clinical and Research Institute, Tradate Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy.
• ²⁵ National Hospital Hipólito Unanue, Public Health Institute, Ministry of Health, Lima, Perù
• ²⁶ Department of Respiratory Medicine, Barts Health NHS Trust.
• ²⁷ Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London and NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, UCL Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom.