Outcome with invasive versus medical treatment of stable coronary artery disease: influence of perfusion defect size, ischaemia, and ejection fraction

EuroIntervention. 2016 Feb;11(10):1118-24. doi: 10.4244/EIJV11I10A226.

Abstract

Aims: Our aim was to address the combined influence of myocardial perfusion defects and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) on outcome with coronary revascularisation in stable CAD patients.

Methods and results: Of 527 patients with ischaemia by myocardial perfusion scintigraphy, 343 had medical therapy (Med) and 184 revascularisation (Revasc). During 5.3 years of follow-up, there was no intergroup difference in rates of death/myocardial infarction. Propensity score adjustment demonstrated a benefit of Revasc over Med with large defects (>14% of the myocardium), marked ischaemia (>10% of the myocardium), or LVEF <50%. However, defect size, ischaemia, and LVEF were correlated. In multivariate models, the Med versus Revasc hazard ratio (HR) was 4.06 times larger for LVEF <50% than for LVEF ≥50% (p=0.04) and 3.01 times larger for marked compared to mild/moderate ischaemia (p=0.11), whereas the effect of large compared to small/moderate defects vanished when adjusted for LVEF and ischaemia (HR=1.01, p=0.99). Considering the outcome difference as a function of both LVEF and ischaemia, we found no advantage or even a disadvantage of revascularisation in patients with mild/moderate ischaemia and preserved LVEF.

Conclusions: A benefit of revascularisation was found only in case of marked ischaemia or LVEF <50%. For treatment triage, both perfusion parameters and LVEF should be considered.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Coronary Artery Disease / mortality*
  • Coronary Artery Disease / physiopathology
  • Coronary Artery Disease / therapy*
  • Female
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Humans
  • Ischemia / mortality
  • Ischemia / pathology
  • Ischemia / therapy*
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Myocardial Infarction / mortality
  • Myocardial Infarction / pathology*
  • Stroke Volume / physiology*
  • Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon / methods
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Ventricular Function, Left / physiology*