Partners in Crime: The Role of CMV in Immune Dysregulation and Clinical Outcome During HIV Infection

Curr HIV/AIDS Rep. 2016 Feb;13(1):10-9. doi: 10.1007/s11904-016-0297-9.

Abstract

In the current era of combination antiretroviral therapy (ART), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected individuals are living longer and healthier lives. Nevertheless, HIV-infected persons are at greater risk for age-related disorders, which have been linked to residual immune dysfunction and inflammation. HIV-infected individuals are almost universally co-infected with cytomegalovirus (CMV) and both viruses are associated with inflammation-related morbidities. Therefore, a detailed investigation of the relationship between CMV and aging-related morbidities emerging during chronic HIV infection is warranted. Here, we review the literature on how CMV co-infection affects HIV infection and host immunity and we discuss the gaps in our knowledge that need elucidation.

Keywords: Aging; CMV infection; HIV infection; Immune response; Inflammation.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Anti-HIV Agents / therapeutic use*
  • Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active*
  • CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / immunology
  • Coinfection / drug therapy
  • Coinfection / immunology*
  • Coinfection / virology
  • Cytomegalovirus / immunology*
  • Cytomegalovirus Infections / drug therapy
  • Cytomegalovirus Infections / immunology*
  • Cytomegalovirus Infections / virology
  • HIV Infections / drug therapy*
  • HIV Infections / immunology*
  • HIV Infections / virology
  • HIV-1 / immunology*
  • Humans
  • Inflammation / immunology
  • Inflammation / virology
  • Viral Load
  • Virus Replication

Substances

  • Anti-HIV Agents