Prognostic value of lymphocyte/monocyte ratio in advanced Hodgkin lymphoma: correlation with International Prognostic Score and tumor associated macrophages

Leuk Lymphoma. 2016 Aug;57(8):1839-47. doi: 10.3109/10428194.2015.1110745. Epub 2016 Jan 4.

Abstract

We studied the prognostic significance of the absolute lymphocyte/monocyte count ratio (ALC/AMC), its contribution to the prognostic value of the International Prognostic Score (IPS), and evaluated if ALC/AMC could serve as a proxy for the frequency of CD68 + tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) in 101 patients with advanced Hodgkin lymphoma (HL). The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve identified best cut-off values of 2.0 for ALC/AMC and 25% for CD68 + TAM. Patients with ALC/AMC < 2, IPS > 2 and > 25% CD68 + TAM had an inferior overall survival (OS) and event-free survival (EFS). Spearman's test also uncovered a significant correlation between the ALC/AMC and TAM. Multivariate analysis identified ALC/AMC < 2, IPS > 2 and > 25% CD68 + TAM as poor prognostic factors of OS and EFS. After evaluating ALC/AMC and IPS, we stratified patients into three progressively-worse-outcome groups (low-risk: 0 risk factors; intermediate: 1 risk factor; high: 2 risk factors). Our study encourages the combination of ALC/AMC with IPS, for refining risk prediction in advanced HL patients.

Keywords: ALC/AMC; Advanced Hodgkin lymphoma; IPS; TAM.

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Antigens, CD / metabolism
  • Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic / metabolism
  • Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / therapeutic use*
  • Disease-Free Survival
  • Female
  • Hodgkin Disease / blood*
  • Hodgkin Disease / mortality*
  • Hodgkin Disease / pathology
  • Hodgkin Disease / therapy
  • Humans
  • Immunohistochemistry
  • Lymph Nodes / pathology
  • Lymphocyte Count
  • Lymphocytes / pathology*
  • Macrophages / pathology*
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Monocytes / pathology*
  • Neoplasm Staging
  • Prognosis
  • ROC Curve
  • Radiotherapy, Adjuvant
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Risk Assessment / methods
  • Risk Factors
  • Salvage Therapy / methods
  • Tumor Microenvironment
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • Antigens, CD
  • Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic
  • CD68 antigen, human