Irritable bowel syndrome in quiescent inflammatory bowel disease: a review

Minerva Gastroenterol Dietol. 2015 Dec;61(4):201-13. Epub 2015 Sep 30.

Abstract

Ongoing troublesome bowel symptoms despite quiescent inflammatory disease are a frequent management challenge when caring for patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Even when active disease has been excluded the prevalence of residual gastrointestinal symptoms is surprisingly high and the cause often obscure. The presence of a concurrent functional disorder such as irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is associated with worse quality of life, worse physical functioning, higher prevalence of anxiety and greater health care utilization. Potential etiological mechanisms leading to the development of IBS like symptoms include the development of visceral hypersensitivity following the original inflammatory insult, alteration in cortical processing, dysbiosis and residual subacute inflammation. Therapeutic options for managing IBS in patients with IBD include dietary modification, interventions targeted at correction of visceral sensory dysfunction or cortical processing and modulation of the gut microbiota. As there are few studies specifically examining the treatment of IBS in patients with IBD, the majority of therapeutic interventions are extrapolated from the IBS literature. Given the frequency of residual functional symptoms in IBS, significantly more research is warranted in this field.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Brain / physiology
  • Humans
  • Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System / physiology
  • Inflammatory Bowel Diseases / physiopathology*
  • Inflammatory Bowel Diseases / therapy
  • Intestines / innervation
  • Intestines / microbiology
  • Irritable Bowel Syndrome / physiopathology*
  • Irritable Bowel Syndrome / therapy
  • Microbiota
  • Pituitary-Adrenal System / physiology
  • Quality of Life