Clinicopathologic features and outcomes of lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma patients with monoclonal IgG or IgA paraprotein expression

Leuk Lymphoma. 2016 May;57(5):1104-13. doi: 10.3109/10428194.2015.1096357. Epub 2015 Dec 23.

Abstract

Lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma secreting IgG or IgA (non-IgM LPL) is rarely seen. Systematic studies of the clinical features and treatment outcomes are lacking in these patients. This study evaluated 17 patients with non-IgM LPL. The paraprotein secreted by these tumors was IgA (n=8; 47%) and IgG (n=9; 53%). The median serum level of paraprotein was 2,475 mg/dl (range=747-5260) for IgA and 2580 mg/dl (range=1900-7100) for IgG. The IgA-LPL group was more likely to present with B symptoms, a high beta2-microglobulin level and extramedullary involvement. Compared with patients with Waldenström macroglobulinemia (WM), patients with non-IgM LPL showed similar clinical and pathologic features, but a higher mortality within the first year after diagnosis (p<0.001) and worse overall survival (p=0.024), with no difference in progression-free survival and disease-specific survival. Rituximab alone or rituximab-based therapy was used frequently and was effective as either first-line or salvage therapy.

Keywords: IgA; IgG; Lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma; Waldenström macroglobulinemia; non-IgM; prognosis; treatment.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Biomarkers
  • Bone Marrow / pathology
  • Chromosome Aberrations
  • Combined Modality Therapy
  • Disease Progression
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Immunoglobulin A / blood*
  • Immunoglobulin G / blood*
  • Immunophenotyping
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Paraproteinemias / blood
  • Paraproteinemias / mortality
  • Paraproteins*
  • Prognosis
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia / diagnosis*
  • Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia / mortality*
  • Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia / therapy

Substances

  • Biomarkers
  • Immunoglobulin A
  • Immunoglobulin G
  • Paraproteins