Pannorin B (1), a new naphthopyrone derivative, was obtained from an endophytic fungal culture of Penicillium sp. (G324), which was isolated from the leaves of milk thistle (Silybum marianum). Four known compounds, including O-methyldihydrogladiolic acid (2), 10,20-dehydro[12,13-dehydroprolyl-2-(1,1-dimethylallyltryptophyl)diketopiperazine] (3), 12,13-dehydroprolyl-2-(1,1-dimethylallyltryptophyl)diketopiperazine (4), and deoxybrevianamide E (5) were also encountered. The structures of 1–5 were determined via analysis of a suite of NMR and MS data.
Keywords: 13C NMR; 1H NMR; NMR; Penicillium sp; Silybum marianum; fungal endophyte; milk thistle; secondary metabolite.