Principles of Cancer Screening

Surg Clin North Am. 2015 Oct;95(5):953-66. doi: 10.1016/j.suc.2015.05.009. Epub 2015 Jun 20.

Abstract

Cancer screening has long been an important component of the struggle to reduce the burden of morbidity and mortality from cancer. Notwithstanding this history, many aspects of cancer screening remain poorly understood. This article presents a summary of basic principles of cancer screening that are relevant for researchers, clinicians, and public health officials alike.

Keywords: Cancer screening; Lead time; Number needed to screen; Overdiagnosis; Performance characteristics; Targeted screening.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Canada
  • Cost-Benefit Analysis
  • Early Detection of Cancer / adverse effects
  • Early Detection of Cancer / economics
  • Early Detection of Cancer / methods*
  • False Positive Reactions
  • Humans
  • Mass Screening / adverse effects
  • Mass Screening / economics
  • Mass Screening / methods*
  • Neoplasms / diagnosis*
  • Neoplasms / economics
  • Practice Guidelines as Topic
  • Predictive Value of Tests
  • Risk Assessment
  • Sensitivity and Specificity
  • United States