Prevalence, treatments and outcomes of coronary artery disease in Indians: A systematic review

Mangala Rao; Denis Xavier; Padmini Devi; Alben Sigamani; Atiya Faruqui; Rajeev Gupta; Prafulla Kerkar; Rajendra Kumar Jain; Rajnish Joshi; N Chidambaram; Daya Sagar Rao; S Thanikachalam; S S Iyengar; Kiron Verghese; V Mohan; Prem Pais

doi:10.1016/j.ihj.2015.05.003

Prevalence, treatments and outcomes of coronary artery disease in Indians: A systematic review

Indian Heart J. 2015 Jul-Aug;67(4):302-10. doi: 10.1016/j.ihj.2015.05.003. Epub 2015 Jul 10.

Authors

Mangala Rao¹, Denis Xavier², Padmini Devi¹, Alben Sigamani¹, Atiya Faruqui¹, Rajeev Gupta³, Prafulla Kerkar⁴, Rajendra Kumar Jain⁵, Rajnish Joshi⁶, N Chidambaram⁷, Daya Sagar Rao⁸, S Thanikachalam⁹, S S Iyengar¹⁰, Kiron Verghese¹¹, V Mohan¹², Prem Pais¹³

Affiliations

¹ Department of Pharmacology, St. John's Medical College, Bangalore, India; Division of Clinical Research and Training, St. John's Research Institute, Bangalore, India.
² Professor and Head, Department of Pharmacology, St. John's Medical College, Bangalore, India; Coordinator, Division of Clinical Research and Training, St. John's Research Institute, St. John's National Academy of Health Sciences, Bangalore, India. Electronic address: denis@sjri.res.in.
³ Department of Medicine, Fortis Escorts Hospital, Jaipur, India.
⁴ Department of Cardiology, KEM Hospital, Mumbai, India.
⁵ Department of Cardiology, Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences, Secunderabad, India.
⁶ Department of Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, India.
⁷ Department of Medicine, Rajah Muthiah Medical College, Annamalainagar, India.
⁸ Department of Cardiology, Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad, India.
⁹ Cardiac Care Centre, Sri Ramachandra University, Chennai, India.
¹⁰ Department of Cardiology, Manipal Hospital, Bangalore, India.
¹¹ Department of Cardiology, St.John's Medical College, Bangalore, India.
¹² Dr. Mohan's Diabetes Specialities Centre and Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, Chennai, India.
¹³ Division of Clinical Research and Training, St. John's Research Institute, Bangalore, India.

Abstract

Aim: To conduct a systematic review on the prevalence, risk factors, treatments and outcomes of Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) in Indians.

Methods and results: We conducted a systematic review of studies in Indians with CAD from Jan 1969 to Oct 2012. Initial search yielded 3885 studies and after review 288 observational studies were included. The prevalence of CAD in urban areas was 2.5%-12.6% and in rural areas, 1.4%-4.6%. The prevalence of risk factors was: smoking (8.9-40.5%), hypertension (13.1-36.9%) and diabetes mellitus (0.2-24.0%). The median time to reach hospital after an MI was 360 min. In hospital rates of drug use were: antiplatelets 68%-97.9%, beta blockers 47.3%-65.8% and ACEIs 27.8-56.8%.

Conclusions: In this first systematic review of CAD in India, prevalence of risk factors is high, treatments delayed and use of evidence based treatments variable.

Keywords: Coronary artery disease; India; Outcomes; Prevalence; Risk factors.

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Review
Systematic Review

MeSH terms

Coronary Artery Disease* / diagnosis
Coronary Artery Disease* / epidemiology
Coronary Artery Disease* / therapy
Disease Management*
Humans
India / epidemiology
Prevalence
Risk Assessment*
Risk Factors