Achromobacter xylosoxidans infection in an adult cystic fibrosis unit in Madrid

Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin. 2016 Mar;34(3):184-7. doi: 10.1016/j.eimc.2015.05.006. Epub 2015 Jun 29.

Abstract

Background: Achromobacter xylosoxidans is an emerging pathogen in cystic fibrosis (CF). Although the rate of colonization by this microorganism is variable, prevalence is increasing in CF units.

Methods: A microbiological/clinical study was conducted on of adult CF patients harboring A. xylosoxidans. Identification and susceptibility testing were performed using MicroScan (Siemens). Decline in lung function was assessed using the variable, annual percentage loss of FEV1 (forced expiratory volume in 1s).

Results: A. xylosoxidans was isolated in 18 (19.8%) of 91 patients over a 14-year period. Mean age was 26.6 years (18-39 years). Nine patients (9.8%) were chronically colonized. Piperacillin/tazobactam and imipenem were the most active antibiotics. Mean annual decline in lung function in chronically colonized patients was 2.49%.

Conclusions: A. xylosoxidans is a major pathogen in CF. A decreased lung function was observed among patients who were chronically colonized by A. xylosoxidans. Antibiotic therapy should be started early in order to prevent chronic colonization by this microorganism.

Keywords: Achromobacter xylosoxidans; Cystic fibrosis; Fibrosis quística; Función pulmonar; Lung function.

MeSH terms

  • Achromobacter denitrificans / isolation & purification*
  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / therapeutic use
  • Cystic Fibrosis / drug therapy
  • Cystic Fibrosis / microbiology*
  • Female
  • Forced Expiratory Volume
  • Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections / complications*
  • Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections / drug therapy
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • Anti-Bacterial Agents