Safety and tolerability of iopromide in patients undergoing cardiac catheterization: real-world multicenter experience with 17,513 patients from the TRUST trial

Int J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2015 Oct;31(7):1281-91. doi: 10.1007/s10554-015-0688-9. Epub 2015 Jun 10.

Abstract

To assess the incidence of and risk factors for acute adverse drug reactions (ADRs) (occurring within 1 h) following iopromide administration in cardiac catheterization in Chinese 'real-world' practice. Acute ADRs following iopromide administration during coronary angiography or percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) have not been systematically evaluated in China. TRUST was a prospective, multicenter, observational study conducted at 63 centers in China. Patients received iopromide (300 or 370 mgI/mL) during coronary angiography or PCI (n = 17,513). Acute ADRs occurred in 66 patients (0.38%); ADRs were mild in 58 patients (0.33%) and severe in two patients (0.01%). Most acute ADRs manifested as allergy-like symptoms such as nausea/vomiting [39 patients (0.22%)] and/or rash [15 patients (0.09%)]. The rate of acute ADRs was lower among patients who received premedication (6/3349; 0.18 %) than those who did not (60/14,164; 0.42%; p = 0.0379), and among those who did receive pre-procedural hydration (10/7993; 0.13%) compared with those who did not (56/9520; 0.59%; p < 0.0001). Age <50 years, left main coronary disease and history of ADRs to contrast media increased the risk of ADRs, while premedication with corticosteroids, pre-procedural hydration and contrast volume <100 mL versus ≥100 mL reduced the risk. Contrast quality was rated as 'Excellent' in 99.1% of patients. The incidence of acute ADRs was very low with iopromide in cardiac catheterization in China. The risk of acute ADRs increased in patients <50 years and in those with a history of ADRs to contrast media. Premedication with corticosteroids and pre-procedural hydration may prevent acute ADRs in at-risk patients.

Keywords: Adverse drug reactions; Contrast media; Coronary angiography; Percutaneous coronary intervention.

Publication types

  • Multicenter Study
  • Observational Study
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adrenal Cortex Hormones / therapeutic use
  • Adult
  • Age Factors
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Cardiac Catheterization / adverse effects*
  • Child
  • Child, Preschool
  • China / epidemiology
  • Contrast Media / administration & dosage
  • Contrast Media / adverse effects*
  • Coronary Angiography / adverse effects*
  • Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions / diagnosis
  • Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions / epidemiology*
  • Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions / prevention & control
  • Female
  • Fluid Therapy
  • Humans
  • Incidence
  • Infant
  • Infant, Newborn
  • Iohexol / administration & dosage
  • Iohexol / adverse effects
  • Iohexol / analogs & derivatives*
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Percutaneous Coronary Intervention / adverse effects*
  • Predictive Value of Tests
  • Prospective Studies
  • Risk Assessment
  • Risk Factors
  • Severity of Illness Index
  • Time Factors
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • Adrenal Cortex Hormones
  • Contrast Media
  • Iohexol
  • iopromide