20-Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic Acid Inhibition by HET0016 Offers Neuroprotection, Decreases Edema, and Increases Cortical Cerebral Blood Flow in a Pediatric Asphyxial Cardiac Arrest Model in Rats

J Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 2015 Nov;35(11):1757-63. doi: 10.1038/jcbfm.2015.117. Epub 2015 Jun 10.

Abstract

Vasoconstrictive and vasodilatory eicosanoids generated after cardiac arrest (CA) may contribute to cerebral vasomotor disturbances and neurodegeneration. We evaluated the balance of vasodilator/vasoconstrictor eicosanoids produced by cytochrome P450 (CYP) metabolism, and determined their role on cortical perfusion, functional outcome, and neurodegeneration after pediatric asphyxial CA. Cardiac arrest of 9 and 12 minutes was induced in 16- to 18-day-old rats. At 5 and 120 minutes after CA, we quantified the concentration of CYP eicosanoids in the cortex and subcortical areas. In separate rats, we inhibited 20-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (20-HETE) synthesis after CA and assessed cortical cerebral blood flow (CBF), neurologic deficit score, neurodegeneration, and edema. After 9 minutes of CA, vasodilator eicosanoids markedly increased versus sham. Conversely, after 12 minutes of CA, vasoconstrictor eicosanoid 20-HETE increased versus sham, without compensatory increases in vasodilator eicosanoids. Inhibition of 20-HETE synthesis after 12 minutes of CA decreased cortical 20-HETE levels, increased CBF, reduced neurologic deficits at 3 hours, and reduced neurodegeneration and edema at 48 hours versus vehicle-treated rats. In conclusion, cerebral vasoconstrictor eicosanoids increased after a pediatric CA of 12 minutes. Inhibition of 20-HETE synthesis improved cortical perfusion and short-term neurologic outcome. These results suggest that alterations in CYP eicosanoids have a role in cerebral hypoperfusion and neurodegeneration after CA and may represent important therapeutic targets.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Amidines / therapeutic use*
  • Animals
  • Asphyxia Neonatorum / complications
  • Asphyxia Neonatorum / drug therapy*
  • Asphyxia Neonatorum / physiopathology
  • Body Water / metabolism
  • Brain Chemistry / drug effects
  • Brain Edema / drug therapy*
  • Brain Edema / etiology
  • Cerebral Cortex / blood supply*
  • Cerebral Cortex / drug effects
  • Cerebrovascular Circulation / drug effects*
  • Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System / metabolism
  • Eicosanoids / metabolism
  • Heart Arrest / complications
  • Heart Arrest / drug therapy*
  • Heart Arrest / physiopathology
  • Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic Acids / antagonists & inhibitors*
  • Male
  • Neurodegenerative Diseases / prevention & control
  • Neuroprotective Agents / therapeutic use*
  • Rats
  • Rats, Sprague-Dawley
  • Treatment Outcome

Substances

  • Amidines
  • Eicosanoids
  • HET0016
  • Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic Acids
  • Neuroprotective Agents
  • 20-hydroxy-5,8,11,14-eicosatetraenoic acid
  • Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System