Decreased microbiota diversity associated with urinary tract infection in a trial of bacterial interference

J Infect. 2015 Sep;71(3):358-367. doi: 10.1016/j.jinf.2015.05.014. Epub 2015 Jun 3.

Abstract

Background: Patients with long-term indwelling catheters are at high risk of catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI). We hypothesized that colonizing the bladder with a benign Escherichia coli strain (E. coli HU2117, a derivative of E. coli 83972) would prevent CAUTI in older, catheterized adults.

Materials and methods: Adults with chronic, indwelling urinary catheters received study catheters that had been pre-coated with E. coli HU2117. We monitored the cultivatable organisms in the bladder for 28 days or until loss of E. coli HU2117. Urine from 4 subjects was collected longitudinally for 16S rRNA gene profiling.

Results: Eight of the ten subjects (average age 70.9 years) became colonized with E. coli HU2117, with a mean duration of 57.7 days (median: 28.5, range 0-266). All subjects also remained colonized by uropathogens. Five subjects suffered invasive UTI, 3 febrile UTI and 2 urosepsis/bacteremia, all associated with overgrowth of a urinary pathogen. Colonization with E. coli HU2117 did not impact bacterial bladder diversity, but subjects who developed infections had less diverse bladder microbiota.

Conclusions: Colonization with E. coli HU2117 did not prevent bladder colonization or subsequent invasive disease by uropathogens. Microbial diversity may play a protective role against invasive infection of the catheterized bladder.

Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT00554996 http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00554996.

Keywords: Biodiversity; Microbiome; Microbiota; Probiotics; Urinary tract infection.

Publication types

  • Clinical Trial
  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Antibiosis*
  • Bacteremia / microbiology
  • Biodiversity*
  • Catheters, Indwelling / microbiology
  • Escherichia coli / genetics
  • Escherichia coli / growth & development*
  • Escherichia coli / physiology
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Microbiota*
  • Middle Aged
  • RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / genetics
  • Urinary Bladder / microbiology*
  • Urinary Catheterization
  • Urinary Catheters / microbiology*
  • Urinary Tract Infections / drug therapy
  • Urinary Tract Infections / etiology
  • Urinary Tract Infections / microbiology*
  • Urine / microbiology

Substances

  • RNA, Ribosomal, 16S

Associated data

  • ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT00554996