Fighting the force: Potential of homeobox genes for tumor microenvironment regulation

Biochim Biophys Acta. 2015 Apr;1855(2):248-53. doi: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2015.03.004. Epub 2015 Mar 24.

Abstract

Tumor cells exist in a constantly evolving stromal microenvironment composed of vasculature, immune cells and cancer-associated fibroblasts, all residing within a dynamic extracellular matrix. In this review, we examine the biochemical and biophysical interactions between these various stromal cells and their matrix microenvironment. While the stroma can alter tumor progression via multiple mechanisms, we emphasize the role of homeobox genes in detecting and modulating the mechanical changes in the microenvironment during tumor progression.

Keywords: Extracellular matrix; Homeobox genes; Stiffness; Stromal cells; Tumor microenvironment.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Carcinogenesis / genetics
  • Extracellular Matrix / genetics
  • Extracellular Matrix / pathology
  • Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
  • Homeodomain Proteins / biosynthesis*
  • Homeodomain Proteins / genetics
  • Humans
  • Neoplasms / genetics*
  • Neoplasms / pathology
  • Stromal Cells / pathology*
  • Tumor Microenvironment / genetics*

Substances

  • Homeodomain Proteins