Bioactive fused heterocycles: Nucleoside analogs with an additional ring

Abstract

The following mini-review summarizes the basic literature data regarding synthesis, biological activity, structure-activity relationship, and discussion of the mechanisms of action of two major classes of nucleoside analogs with fused heterocyclic rings: (i) the ethenonucleosides and their related derivatives of the 5,9-dihydro-3-glycosyl-6-alkyl-9-oxo-5H-imidazo[1,2-a]purine type; (ii) the bicyclic nucleosides of 6-alkyl-2,3-dihydrofurano[2,3-d]-pyrimidin-2(3H)-one and 6-alkyl-2,3-dihydropyrrolo[2,3-d]-pyrimidin-2(3H,7H)-one.

Keywords: Antiviral activity; Bioactive nucleosides; Ethenonucleosides; Furano[2,3-d]pyrimidine nucleosides; Fused heterocycles; Pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine nucleosides.