Novel few-layer MoS2/Ag3PO4 composites were fabricated. The results indicated that Ag3PO4 nanoparticles were directly formed on the surface of few-layer MoS2. The physical and chemical properties of the few-layer MoS2/Ag3PO4 composite photocatalysts were tested in order to investigate the effects of few-layer MoS2 on the photocatalytic activity of Ag3PO4. The photocatalytic activity of the few-layer MoS2/Ag3PO4 composites was evaluated by the photocatalytic degradation of Rhodamine B (RhB) and bisphenol A (BPA) under visible light irradiation. The photocatalytic activity of the few-layer MoS2/Ag3PO4 composites was higher than that of pure Ag3PO4. The optimal few-layer MoS2 content for the organic pollutant degradation of the heterojunction structures was determined. The synergic effect between few-layer MoS2 and Ag3PO4 was found to lead to an improved photogenerated carrier separation. The stability and the possible photocatalytic mechanism of the composites were also discussed.