Prevalence and associated factors for HIV-1 transmitted drug resistance in voluntary clients for counseling and testing in Southern Taiwan

J Microbiol Immunol Infect. 2016 Aug;49(4):487-93. doi: 10.1016/j.jmii.2014.08.002. Epub 2014 Oct 12.

Abstract

Background: According to the World Health Organization, HIV-transmitted drug resistance (TDR) is increasing. We analyzed voluntary counseling test data from a hospital in Southern Taiwan to investigate the TDR pattern in Southern Taiwan, the potential relationship between sexual behavior and HIV transmission, and HIV drug-resistant strain transmission.

Methods: Genotypic resistance assays were performed on treatment-naïve HIV patients recruited from voluntary counseling testing (VCT) in Southern Taiwan from 2007 to 2011. Drug resistance-associated mutations were interpreted with Stanford University HIV Drug Resistance Database HIVdb program. Socio-demographics and sexual activity were recorded from the VCT questionnaire. Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the risk factors for TDR, and a phylogenetic tree was constructed to elucidate the pattern of HIV drug-resistant strains.

Results: Among the 161 treatment-naïve HIV-infected patients, most were men who reported having sex with men. The overall TDR rate was 10.6%. Patients with a history of sexually transmitted diseases had a 7.8-fold higher risk of becoming infected with genotypic resistant strains.

Conclusion: In Southern Taiwan, the HIV TDR rate was 10.6% among those receiving VCT. Our findings suggest that sexual behavior may play an important role in HIV drug-resistant strain transmission.

Keywords: Drug resistance; HIV; Sexually transmitted diseases.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Drug Resistance, Viral / genetics*
  • Female
  • HIV Infections / epidemiology*
  • HIV Infections / virology
  • HIV-1 / drug effects*
  • HIV-1 / genetics
  • Humans
  • Logistic Models
  • Male
  • Phylogeny
  • Risk Factors
  • Sexual Behavior*
  • Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Viral / epidemiology*
  • Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Viral / virology
  • Surveys and Questionnaires
  • Taiwan / epidemiology
  • Young Adult