Lung cancer is one of the world's highest morbidity and mortality disease in malignant tumors currently. Squamous-cell lung cancer (SQCLC) is one of the most prevalent subtypes of lung cancer worldwide, after surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy and other comprehensive treatment, its 5-year survival rate is still below 15%. The current molecular targeted therapy plays an important role in the treatment of SQCLC, an urgent need to be more in-depth study. SQCLC molecular targeted therapy mainly epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), phosphoin-3-kinase catalytic alpha polypeptide (PIK3CA), fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 (FGFR1), discoidin domain receptor 2 (DDR2), phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome ten (PTEN), BRAF, MET, insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF-1R) and other as the target of the drug, some targeted drugs are being developed, and some targeted drugs have entered clinical trials. In recent years, with studies molecular targeted therapy in SQCLC, analysis of the development and trgeted therapy achieved substantial progress in improving the survival rate of SQCLC, and other research to improve the quality of life, make is possible to individualized targeted therapy of SQCLC.
肺癌是目前世界上发病率和死亡率最高的恶性肿瘤之一，其中肺鳞癌（squamous-cell lung cancer, SQCLC）是一种最常见的肺癌类型，经手术、放化疗等综合治疗后，其5年生存率仍低于15%。而目前分子靶向治疗在肺鳞癌治疗中发挥重要作用，迫切需要对其进行更深入的研究。肺鳞癌治疗的分子靶向药物主要以表皮生长因子受体（epidermal growth factor receptor, EGFR）、磷脂酰肌醇-3-激酶催化亚单位α（phosphoin-3-kinase catalytic alpha polypeptide, PIK3CA）、成纤维细胞生长因子受体1（fibroblast growth factor receptor 1, FGFR1）、盘状结构域受体2（discoidin domain receptor 2, DDR2）、第10号染色体缺失的磷酸酶及张力蛋白同源的基因（phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome ten, PTEN）、BRAF、MET、胰岛素样生长因子1受体（insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor, IGF-1R）等为靶点的药物，有的靶向药物正在研发，有的靶向药物已进入临床试验。随着近年来肺鳞癌分子靶向治疗的相关研究，分析靶向治疗在肺鳞癌中的发展及在提高患者生存率、改善生存质量等研究方面取得的实质性进展，使肺鳞癌的个体化靶向治疗成为可能。