APOE and spatial navigation in amnestic MCI: results from a computer-based test

Neuropsychology. 2014 Sep;28(5):676-684. doi: 10.1037/neu0000072. Epub 2014 Apr 21.

Abstract

Objective: We investigated the association between APOE ε4 status and spatial navigation in patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) and assessed the role of hippocampal volume in this association.

Method: Participants were 74 patients with clinically confirmed aMCI (33 APOE ε4 noncarriers, 26 heterozygous, and 15 homozygous ε4 carriers). Body-centered (egocentric) and world-centered (allocentric) spatial navigation in a computerized human analogue of the Morris Water Maze was assessed. Brain MRI with subsequent automated hippocampal volumetry was included.

Results: Groups were similar in neuropsychological profile. Controlling for age, sex, education, and free memory recall, the APOE ε4 carriers performed more poorly on all spatial navigation subtasks (ps < .05). APOE ε4 homozygotes performed worse than heterozygotes (p = .021). Right hippocampal volume accounted for the differences in allocentric and delayed subtasks (ps > .05), but not in the egocentric subtask (p < .001).

Conclusions: Using an easy-to-use, computer-based tool to assess spatial navigation, we found spatial navigation deficits to worsen in a dose-dependent manner as a function of APOE ε4 status. This was at least partially due to differences in right hippocampal volume.

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Amnesia / complications
  • Amnesia / genetics*
  • Amnesia / pathology
  • Apolipoprotein E4 / genetics*
  • Cognitive Dysfunction / complications
  • Cognitive Dysfunction / genetics*
  • Cognitive Dysfunction / pathology
  • Computers
  • Female
  • Functional Laterality
  • Hippocampus / pathology
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Neuropsychological Tests
  • Spatial Learning / physiology
  • Spatial Navigation / physiology*

Substances

  • Apolipoprotein E4