PQ segment depression in patients with short QT syndrome: a novel marker for diagnosing short QT syndrome?

Heart Rhythm. 2014 Jun;11(6):1024-30. doi: 10.1016/j.hrthm.2014.02.024. Epub 2014 Feb 28.

Abstract

Background: Patients with short QT syndrome (SQTS) have an increased risk for atrial tachyarrhythmias, ventricular tachyarrhythmias, and/or sudden cardiac death. PQ segment depression (PQD) is related to atrial fibrillation and carries a poor prognosis in the setting of acute inferior myocardial infarction and is a well-defined electrocardiographic (ECG) marker of acute pericarditis.

Objective: To evaluate the prevalence of PQD in SQTS and to analyze the association with atrial arrhythmias.

Methods: Digitalized 12-lead ECGs of SQTS patients were evaluated for PQD in all leads and for QT intervals in leads II and V5. PQD was defined as ≥0.05 mV (0.5 mm) depression from the isoelectric line.

Results: A total of 760 leads from 64 SQTS patients (mean age 36 ± 18 years; 48 [75%] men) were analyzed. PQD was seen in 265 (35%) leads from 52 (81%) patients and was more frequent in leads II, V3, aVF, V4, and I (n = 43 [67%], n = 30 [47%], n = 27 [42%], n = 25 [39%], and n = 25 [39%], respectively). Nine of 64 (14%) patients presented with atrial tachyarrhythmias, and all of them had PQD.

Conclusion: Fifty-two of 64 (81%) patients with SQTS reveal PQD. As PQD is rarely observed in healthy individuals, this ECG stigma may constitute a novel marker for SQTS in addition to a short QT interval.

Keywords: ECG; PQ segment depression; Short QT syndrome; Sudden cardiac death.

Publication types

  • Multicenter Study

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Arrhythmias, Cardiac / diagnosis
  • Arrhythmias, Cardiac / physiopathology
  • Child
  • Child, Preschool
  • Electrocardiography, Ambulatory / methods
  • Electrophysiologic Techniques, Cardiac / methods
  • Female
  • Heart Conduction System / physiopathology*
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Potassium Channels, Inwardly Rectifying / physiology
  • Prognosis
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • Potassium Channels, Inwardly Rectifying

Supplementary concepts

  • Short Qt Syndrome