Enhanced tumor delivery of gemcitabine via PEG-DSPE/TPGS mixed micelles

Mol Pharm. 2014 Apr 7;11(4):1140-50. doi: 10.1021/mp4005904. Epub 2014 Mar 10.

Abstract

Gemcitabine is a potent anticancer drug approved for the treatment of pancreatic, non-small-cell lung, breast, and ovarian cancers. The major deficiencies of current gemcitabine therapy, however, are its rapid metabolic inactivation and narrow therapeutic window. Herein, we employed polyethylene glycol-b-distearoylphosphatidylethanolamine (PEG-DSPE)/tocopheryl polyethylene glycol 1000 succinate (TPGS) mixed micelles as a delivery system, to improve the pharmacokinetic characteristics of gemcitabine and enhance its antitumor efficacy. By conjugating stearic acid to gemcitabine and subsequently encapsulating stearoyl gemcitabine (GemC18) within PEG-DSPE/TPGS mixed micelles, the deamination of gemcitabine was delayed in vitro and in vivo. Importantly, compared to free gemcitabine, GemC18-loaded micelles pronouncedly prolonged the circulation time of gemcitabine and elevated its concentration in the tumor by 3-fold, resulting in superior antitumor efficacy in mice bearing human pancreatic cancer BxPC-3 xenografts. Our findings demonstrate the promise of PEG-DSPE/TPGS mixed micelles as a nanocarrier system for the delivery of gemcitabine to achieve safer and more efficacious therapeutic outcomes.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic / administration & dosage*
  • Cathepsin B / metabolism
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Cell Proliferation / drug effects
  • Cytidine Deaminase / metabolism
  • Deoxycytidine / administration & dosage
  • Deoxycytidine / analogs & derivatives*
  • Deoxycytidine / pharmacokinetics
  • Drug Delivery Systems*
  • Female
  • Gemcitabine
  • Humans
  • Mice
  • Micelles
  • Phosphatidylethanolamines / administration & dosage*
  • Polyethylene Glycols / administration & dosage*
  • Vitamin E / administration & dosage
  • Vitamin E / analogs & derivatives*
  • Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays

Substances

  • Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic
  • Micelles
  • Phosphatidylethanolamines
  • Deoxycytidine
  • Vitamin E
  • 1,2-distearoylphosphatidylethanolamine
  • Polyethylene Glycols
  • Cathepsin B
  • Cytidine Deaminase
  • tocophersolan
  • Gemcitabine