Comparative assessment of pesticide residues in grain, soil, and water from IPM and non-IPM trials of basmati rice

Environ Monit Assess. 2014 Jan;186(1):361-6. doi: 10.1007/s10661-013-3380-3. Epub 2013 Sep 3.

Abstract

The integrated pest management (IPM) modules of pesticide schedule on Basmati rice were validated at field experiments conducted in Northern India for consecutive 3 years (2005-2008). The pesticide residues were found below the detectable limit (<0.01-0.001 mg/kg) in soil and irrigation water samples of Kaithal region. In Dehra Dun region of Uttrakhand, the residues of carbendazim in rice grains and soil were detected below <0.01 mg/kg level. In second year experiments (2006-2007), only four non-IPM soil samples indicated the presence of chlorpyrifos and endosulfan in the range of ND <0.001 to 0.07 mg/kg, out of 45 samples analyzed. Carbendazim applied as seed treatment at Dehradun and Kaithal field trials was found below detectable limit in both IPM and non-IPM rice grains (<0.01 mg/kg) and irrigation water (0.01 μl/ml). Chlorpyrifos was detected in five water samples from Kaithal and one from Pant Nagar in the range of 0.003-0.006 μl/L, α- and β-isomer of endosulfan in the range of 0.005-0.03, and 0.005-0.02 μl/ml, respectively, in one sample from Pant Nagar and two from Kaithal, out of a total of 22 samples. In the region of Uttrakhand and Uttar Pradesh during 2007-2008, four non-IPM samples of soil indicated trace levels of endosulfan, out of 16 samples analyzed. The residues were detected below detection limit for carbendazim (<0.01 mg/kg) in soil samples of Dehradun IPM fields and for endosulfan and carbendazim (0.001-0.01 μl/L) in water samples each from IPM and non-IPM fields of Uttar Pradesh. The results of 3-year trials of IPM module indicated basmati rice as safe and economical with pesticide residue-free rice grains.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Agriculture
  • Chlorpyrifos / analysis
  • Edible Grain / chemistry*
  • Endosulfan / analysis
  • Environmental Monitoring
  • India
  • Insecticides / analysis*
  • Oryza / chemistry*
  • Oryza / growth & development
  • Pest Control / methods*
  • Pesticide Residues / analysis*
  • Soil / chemistry*

Substances

  • Insecticides
  • Pesticide Residues
  • Soil
  • Chlorpyrifos
  • Endosulfan