Circulating levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D and prostate cancer prognosis

Abstract

Objectives: Ecological, in vitro, and in vivo studies demonstrate a link between vitamin D and prostate tumor growth and aggressiveness. The goal of this study was to investigate whether plasma concentration of vitamin D is associated with survivorship and disease progression in men diagnosed with prostate cancer.

Materials and methods: We conducted a population-based cohort study of 1476 prostate cancer patients to assess disease recurrence/progression and prostate cancer-specific mortality (PCSM) risks associated with serum levels of 25(OH) vitamin D [25(OH)D].

Results: There were 325 recurrence/progression and 95 PCSM events during an average of 10.8 years of follow-up. Serum levels of 25(OH)D were not associated with risk of recurrence/progression or mortality. Clinically deficient vitamin D levels were associated with an increased risk of death from other causes.

Conclusions: We did not find evidence that serum vitamin D levels measured after diagnosis affect prostate cancer prognosis. Lower levels of vitamin D were associated with risk of non-prostate cancer mortality.

Keywords: 1,25(OH)(2)D; 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3); 25(OH) vitamin D; 25(OH)D; ADT; BMI; Cohort studies; Epidemiologic studies; FFQ; HR; Humans; Male; Mortality; PCSM; PCa; PH; PSA; Prognosis; Prostatic neoplasms; Vitamin D/blood*; androgen deprivation therapy; body mass index; food frequency questionnaire; hazard ratio; proportional hazards; prostate cancer; prostate cancer-specific mortality; prostate specific antigen.