Single-dose palonosetron and dose-reduced regimen of dexamethasone in preventing nausea and vomiting by anthracycline-including chemotherapy in patients with early breast cancer

Anticancer Res. 2013 Apr;33(4):1721-4.

Abstract

Aim: To evaluate the efficacy of reduction of dexamethasone with a single-dose of palonosetron in preventing acute and delayed nausea and vomiting in patients receiving highly emetogenic chemotherapy (HEC) for early breast cancer.

Patients and methods: Chemotherapy-naive patients with breast cancer were given HEC in an adjuvant or neoadjuvant setting. Palonosetron and dexamethasone 4 mg i.v. were given on day 1 and another two administrations of dexamethasone 4 mg i.m. were given on days 2 and 3. The end-point was complete response (CR) and complete control (CC) during the acute and delayed phases.

Results: Twenty-six patients were observed. Complete response was achieved in 19 out of 26 patients (72.4%); the same result was shown in 72.4% out of 76 courses given.

Conclusion: This alternative schedule suggests efficacy for the control of acute and delayed emesis in moderately emetogenic chemotherapy. Further investigations are required to confirm these results.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal / administration & dosage
  • Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / adverse effects*
  • Breast Neoplasms / drug therapy*
  • Breast Neoplasms / pathology
  • Cyclophosphamide / adverse effects
  • Dexamethasone / administration & dosage*
  • Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
  • Drug Therapy, Combination
  • Epirubicin / adverse effects
  • Female
  • Fluorouracil / adverse effects
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Humans
  • Isoquinolines / administration & dosage*
  • Middle Aged
  • Nausea / chemically induced
  • Nausea / prevention & control*
  • Neoplasm Staging
  • Palonosetron
  • Prognosis
  • Quinuclidines / administration & dosage*
  • Serotonin Antagonists / administration & dosage
  • Vomiting / chemically induced
  • Vomiting / prevention & control*

Substances

  • Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal
  • Isoquinolines
  • Quinuclidines
  • Serotonin Antagonists
  • Epirubicin
  • Palonosetron
  • Dexamethasone
  • Cyclophosphamide
  • Fluorouracil

Supplementary concepts

  • FEC protocol