Sinusoidal obstruction syndrome (SOS) related to chemotherapy for colorectal liver metastases: factors predictive of severe SOS lesions and protective effect of bevacizumab

HPB (Oxford). 2013 Nov;15(11):858-64. doi: 10.1111/hpb.12047. Epub 2013 Jan 18.

Abstract

Objectives: The most frequent presentation of chemotherapy-related toxicity in colorectal liver metastases (CRLM) is sinusoidal obstruction syndrome (SOS). The purpose of the present study was to identify preoperative factors predictive of SOS and to establish associations between type of chemotherapy and severity of SOS.

Methods: A retrospective study was carried out in a tertiary academic referral hospital. Patients suffering from CRLM who had undergone resection of at least one liver segment were included. Grading of SOS on the non-tumoral liver parenchyma was accomplished according to the Rubbia-Brandt criteria. A total of 151 patients were enrolled and divided into four groups according to the severity of SOS (grades 0-3).

Results: Multivariate analysis identified oxaliplatin and 5-fluorouracil as chemotherapeutic agents responsible for severe SOS lesions (P < 0.001 and P = 0.005, respectively). Bevacizumab was identified as having a protective effect against the occurrence of SOS lesions (P = 0.005). Univariate analysis identified the score on the aspartate aminotransferase : platelets ratio index (APRI) as the most significant biological factor predictive of severe SOS lesions. Splenomegaly is also significantly associated with the occurrence of severe SOS lesions.

Conclusions: The APRI score and splenomegaly are effective as factors predictive of SOS. Bevacizumab has a protective effect against SOS.

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Angiogenesis Inhibitors / therapeutic use
  • Antineoplastic Agents / adverse effects*
  • Antineoplastic Agents / therapeutic use
  • Aspartate Aminotransferases / blood*
  • Bevacizumab / therapeutic use*
  • Biomarkers, Tumor / blood
  • Colorectal Neoplasms / blood
  • Colorectal Neoplasms / drug therapy*
  • Colorectal Neoplasms / pathology
  • Female
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Hepatic Veno-Occlusive Disease / chemically induced*
  • Hepatic Veno-Occlusive Disease / diagnosis
  • Hepatic Veno-Occlusive Disease / prevention & control
  • Humans
  • Liver Neoplasms / blood
  • Liver Neoplasms / drug therapy
  • Liver Neoplasms / secondary*
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Prognosis
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Severity of Illness Index
  • Splenomegaly / complications*
  • Splenomegaly / diagnosis
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • Angiogenesis Inhibitors
  • Antineoplastic Agents
  • Biomarkers, Tumor
  • Bevacizumab
  • Aspartate Aminotransferases