High DNA methyltransferase DNMT3B levels: a poor prognostic marker in acute myeloid leukemia

PLoS One. 2012;7(12):e51527. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0051527. Epub 2012 Dec 10.

Abstract

It has been recently shown that DNA methyl transferase overexpression is correlated with unfavourable prognosis in human malignancies while methylation deregulation remains a hallmark that defines acute myeloid leukemia (AML). The oncogenic transcription factor EVI1 is involved in methylation deregulation and its overexpression plays a major role for predicting an adverse outcome. Moreover, the identification of DNMT3A mutations in AML patients has recently been described as a poor prognostic indicator. In order to clarify relationship between these key actors in methylation mechanisms and their potential impact on patient outcomes, we analysed 195 de novo AML patients for the expression of DNMT3A, 3B (and its non-catalytic variant 3B(NC)) and their correlations with the outcome and the expression of other common prognostic genetic biomarkers (EVI1, NPM1, FLT3ITD/TKD and MLL) in adult AML. The overexpression of DNMT3B/3B(NC) is (i) significantly correlated with a shorter overall survival, and (ii) inversely significantly correlated with event-free survival and DNMT3A expression level. Moreover, multivariate analysis showed that a high expression level of DNMT3B/3B(NC) is statistically a significant independent poor prognostic indicator. This study represents the first report showing that the overexpression of DNMT3B/3B(NC) is an independent predictor of poor survival in AML. Its quantification should be implemented to the genetic profile used to stratify patients for therapeutical strategies and should be useful to identify patients who may benefit from therapy based on demethylating agents.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Amino Acid Sequence
  • Biomarkers, Tumor / metabolism
  • DNA (Cytosine-5-)-Methyltransferases / chemistry
  • DNA (Cytosine-5-)-Methyltransferases / metabolism*
  • DNA Methyltransferase 3A
  • DNA Methyltransferase 3B
  • DNA Mutational Analysis
  • Disease-Free Survival
  • Exons / genetics
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute / enzymology*
  • Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute / genetics
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Molecular Sequence Data
  • Multivariate Analysis
  • Neoplasm Proteins / genetics
  • Neoplasm Proteins / metabolism
  • Nucleophosmin
  • Prognosis
  • Sequence Alignment
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • Biomarkers, Tumor
  • DNMT3A protein, human
  • NPM1 protein, human
  • Neoplasm Proteins
  • Nucleophosmin
  • DNA (Cytosine-5-)-Methyltransferases
  • DNA Methyltransferase 3A

Grants and funding

This work was supported by "Pense à moelle" and "Cent pour sang la vie" associations. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.