Neck metastases in oropharyngeal cancer: Necessity and extent of bilateral treatment

Head Neck. 2013 Oct;35(10):1461-7. doi: 10.1002/hed.23172. Epub 2012 Sep 25.

Abstract

Background: Bilateral neck treatment in oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) is controversial. This study determined the rate of bilateral neck metastases in OPSCC and formulated a neck treatment algorithrm for OPSCC.

Methods: In all, 212 consecutive patients with OPSCC underwent ipsilateral level I-V and contralateral I-III or I-V neck dissections. Pathology results were used to identify factors predicting bilateral neck metastases.

Results: A total of 171 patients (81%) had ipsilateral and 41 patients (24%) bilateral neck metastases. Multivariate logistic regression found cT4 and ≥cN2a significantly associated with contralateral neck metastases (p < .05). However, tumor site was not predictive (p > .05). High-risk pathology features predicted contralateral neck disease (p < .05). cN0 and cN1 necks were unlikely to harbor disease in level V (<5%). Both 2- and 5-year contralateral neck recurrence rates were 1% and 2%.

Conclusions: Bilateral neck disease in OPSCC is more common than once thought. Patients with OPSCC with cT4 or cN2a+ would benefit from bilateral neck treatment. Posttreatment high-risk features should guide treatment escalation.

Keywords: bilateral neck treatment; neck dissection; neck metastases; oropharyngeal cancer; treatment escalation.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Alberta
  • Analysis of Variance
  • Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / mortality
  • Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / pathology*
  • Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / surgery*
  • Cohort Studies
  • Disease-Free Survival
  • Female
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Humans
  • Kaplan-Meier Estimate
  • Logistic Models
  • Lymph Nodes / pathology*
  • Lymph Nodes / surgery
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Multivariate Analysis
  • Neck / pathology
  • Neck / surgery
  • Neck Dissection / methods*
  • Neck Dissection / mortality
  • Neoplasm Invasiveness / pathology
  • Neoplasm Metastasis
  • Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / mortality
  • Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / pathology
  • Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / surgery
  • Neoplasm Staging
  • Oropharyngeal Neoplasms / mortality
  • Oropharyngeal Neoplasms / pathology*
  • Oropharyngeal Neoplasms / surgery*
  • Registries
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Risk Assessment
  • Survival Analysis
  • Treatment Outcome