Estimating reassortment rates in co-circulating Eurasian swine influenza viruses

J Gen Virol. 2012 Nov;93(Pt 11):2326-2336. doi: 10.1099/vir.0.044503-0. Epub 2012 Sep 12.

Abstract

Swine have often been considered as a mixing vessel for different influenza strains. In order to assess their role in more detail, we undertook a retrospective sequencing study to detect and characterize the reassortants present in European swine and to estimate the rate of reassortment between H1N1, H1N2 and H3N2 subtypes with Eurasian (avian-like) internal protein-coding segments. We analysed 69 newly obtained whole genome sequences of subtypes H1N1-H3N2 from swine influenza viruses sampled between 1982 and 2008, using Illumina and 454 platforms. Analyses of these genomes, together with previously published genomes, revealed a large monophyletic clade of Eurasian swine-lineage polymerase segments containing H1N1, H1N2 and H3N2 subtypes. We subsequently examined reassortments between the haemagglutinin and neuraminidase segments and estimated the reassortment rates between lineages using a recently developed evolutionary analysis method. High rates of reassortment between H1N2 and H1N1 Eurasian swine lineages were detected in European strains, with an average of one reassortment every 2-3 years. This rapid reassortment results from co-circulating lineages in swine, and in consequence we should expect further reassortments between currently circulating swine strains and the recent swine-origin H1N1v pandemic strain.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Asia / epidemiology
  • Consensus Sequence
  • Europe / epidemiology
  • Genome, Viral
  • Genotype
  • Hemagglutinins / genetics
  • Influenza A virus / genetics*
  • Influenza A virus / physiology
  • Likelihood Functions
  • Molecular Sequence Data
  • Neuraminidase / genetics
  • Orthomyxoviridae Infections / epidemiology
  • Orthomyxoviridae Infections / veterinary*
  • Orthomyxoviridae Infections / virology
  • Pandemics / veterinary
  • Phylogeny
  • RNA, Viral / chemistry
  • RNA, Viral / isolation & purification
  • Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
  • Reassortant Viruses / genetics*
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Swine
  • Swine Diseases / epidemiology
  • Swine Diseases / virology*

Substances

  • Hemagglutinins
  • RNA, Viral
  • Neuraminidase

Associated data

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  • GENBANK/CY116527
  • GENBANK/CY116528
  • GENBANK/CY116529
  • GENBANK/CY116530
  • GENBANK/CY116531
  • GENBANK/CY116532
  • GENBANK/CY116533
  • GENBANK/CY116534
  • GENBANK/CY116535
  • GENBANK/CY116536
  • GENBANK/CY116537
  • GENBANK/CY116538
  • GENBANK/CY116539
  • GENBANK/CY116540
  • GENBANK/CY116541
  • GENBANK/CY116542
  • GENBANK/CY116543
  • GENBANK/CY116544
  • GENBANK/CY116545
  • GENBANK/CY116546
  • GENBANK/CY116547
  • GENBANK/CY116548
  • GENBANK/CY116549
  • GENBANK/CY116550
  • GENBANK/CY116551
  • GENBANK/CY116552
  • GENBANK/CY116553
  • GENBANK/CY116554
  • GENBANK/CY116555
  • GENBANK/CY116556
  • GENBANK/CY116557
  • GENBANK/CY116558
  • GENBANK/CY116559
  • GENBANK/CY116560
  • GENBANK/CY116561
  • GENBANK/CY116562
  • GENBANK/CY116563
  • GENBANK/CY116564
  • GENBANK/CY116565
  • GENBANK/CY116566
  • GENBANK/CY116567
  • GENBANK/CY116568
  • GENBANK/CY116569
  • GENBANK/CY116570