Ethnic density as a buffer for psychotic experiences: findings from a national survey (EMPIRIC)

Br J Psychiatry. 2012 Oct;201(4):282-90. doi: 10.1192/bjp.bp.111.102376. Epub 2012 Jul 26.

Abstract

Background: Aetiological mechanisms underlying ethnic density associations with psychosis remain unclear.

Aims: To assess potential mechanisms underlying the observation that minority ethnic groups experience an increased risk of psychosis when living in neighbourhoods of lower own-group density.

Method: Multilevel analysis of nationally representative community-level data (from the Ethnic Minorities Psychiatric Illness Rates in the Community survey), which included the main minority ethnic groups living in England, and a White British group. Structured instruments assessed discrimination, chronic strains and social support. The Psychosis Screening Questionnaire ascertained psychotic experiences.

Results: For every ten percentage point reduction in own-group density, the relative odds of reporting psychotic experiences increased 1.07 times (95% CI 1.01-1.14, P = 0.03 (trend)) for the total minority ethnic sample. In general, people living in areas of lower own-group density experienced greater social adversity that was in turn associated with reporting psychotic experiences.

Conclusions: People resident in neighbourhoods of higher own-group density experience 'buffering' effects from the social risk factors for psychosis.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • England / epidemiology
  • Ethnicity / psychology*
  • Ethnicity / statistics & numerical data
  • Female
  • Health Surveys / statistics & numerical data
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Minority Groups / psychology
  • Minority Groups / statistics & numerical data
  • Population Density*
  • Psychiatric Status Rating Scales
  • Psychotic Disorders / epidemiology*
  • Racism / psychology*
  • Risk Factors
  • Social Support