Treatment and clinical outcomes of urinary tract infections caused by KPC-producing Enterobacteriaceae in a retrospective cohort

Clin Ther. 2012 Jun;34(6):1314-23. doi: 10.1016/j.clinthera.2012.05.002.

Abstract

Background: Optimal treatment regimens for infections caused by Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase (KPC)-producing Enterobacteriaceae are not well-defined.

Objectives: This study describes the treatment and outcomes in patients with urinary tract infection (UTI) caused by KPC-producing Enterobacteriaceae.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study analyzed data from adult inpatients with bacteriuria caused by KPC-positive organisms treated at Barnes-Jewish Hospital from June 1, 2006, to February 1, 2008. KPC-positive isolates were identified utilizing disk-diffusion susceptibility testing and confirmed to contain bla(KPC) via molecular methods.

Results: Twenty-one patients met the inclusion criteria and all were classified as having symptomatic UTI. The majority of patients were female (15/21 [71%]), and the mean (SD) age was 62.4 (15.2) years. Successful clinical and microbiologic responses were observed in 16 patients (76%) for both outcomes. Patients with urinary catheters had them removed or replaced in 9 of 15 cases (60%). Antibiotics active against the isolated pathogen were provided in 14 of 21 cases (67%), often after considerable delay (median, 72.5 hours [range, 4-312 hours]). All 7 patients receiving aminoglycoside therapy had successful clinical and microbiologic responses, and in vitro testing of an extended antibiotic panel revealed high susceptibility rates for tigecycline (28/29 [97%]), minocycline (22/29 [76%]), and fosfomycin (25/29 [86%]) against the KPC-positive isolates.

Conclusions: Although receipt of appropriate therapy was delayed in many cases, clinical outcomes investigated revealed [corrected] high rates of successful response in this defined group of patients Aminoglycosides and tetracycline derivatives suggested therapeutic promise in the treatment of KPC-producing Enterobacteriaceae UTI.

MeSH terms

  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / therapeutic use*
  • Bacterial Proteins / biosynthesis*
  • Enterobacteriaceae / isolation & purification*
  • Enterobacteriaceae Infections / drug therapy*
  • Humans
  • Klebsiella pneumoniae / enzymology*
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Urinary Tract Infections / drug therapy*
  • Urinary Tract Infections / microbiology
  • beta-Lactamases / biosynthesis*

Substances

  • Anti-Bacterial Agents
  • Bacterial Proteins
  • beta-Lactamases
  • carbapenemase