Preconditioning with repeated hyperbaric oxygen induces myocardial and cerebral protection in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery: a prospective, randomized, controlled clinical trial

J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth. 2011 Dec;25(6):908-16. doi: 10.1053/j.jvca.2011.06.017. Epub 2011 Aug 25.

Abstract

Objectives: To evaluate the cerebral and myocardial protective effects of hyperbaric oxygen preconditioning in both on-pump and off-pump coronary artery bypass graft surgery.

Design: A prospective, randomized, single-blinded study including patients scheduled for elective on-pump or off-pump surgery between December 2007 and February 2009.

Setting: A tertiary care university teaching hospital.

Participants: Forty-nine elective on-pump or off-pump coronary artery bypass graft surgery patients.

Interventions: Patients were randomized to either the control (15 patients with on-pump procedure and 10 patients with off-pump procedure, respectively) or hyperbaric oxygen (HBO; 14 patients with on-pump procedure and 10 patients with off-pump procedure, respectively) groups. Patients in the HBO groups underwent preconditioning for 5 days before surgery.

Measurements and main results: On-pump coronary artery bypass graft surgery patients preconditioned with HBO had significant decreases in S100B protein, neuron-specific enolase, and troponin I perioperative serum levels compared with the on-pump control group. Postsurgically, patients in the on-pump HBO group had a reduced length of stay in the intensive care unit and a decreased use of inotropic drugs. Serum catalase activity 24 hours postoperatively was significantly increased compared with the on-pump control group. In the off-pump groups, there was no difference in any of the same parameters.

Conclusions: Preconditioning with HBO resulted in both cerebral and cardiac protective effects as determined by biochemical markers of neuronal and myocardial injury and clinical outcomes in patients undergoing on-pump coronary artery bypass graft surgery. No protective effects were noted in off-pump coronary artery bypass graft surgery.

Publication types

  • Randomized Controlled Trial

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Biomarkers
  • Cardiotonic Agents / administration & dosage
  • Cardiotonic Agents / therapeutic use
  • Catalase / blood
  • Cerebrovascular Disorders / prevention & control*
  • Coronary Artery Bypass / adverse effects*
  • Coronary Artery Bypass, Off-Pump
  • Critical Care
  • Endpoint Determination
  • Female
  • Hemodynamics / physiology
  • Humans
  • Hyperbaric Oxygenation / methods*
  • Ischemic Preconditioning, Myocardial / methods*
  • Length of Stay
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Nerve Growth Factors / blood
  • Phosphopyruvate Hydratase / blood
  • Prospective Studies
  • Respiration, Artificial
  • S100 Calcium Binding Protein beta Subunit
  • S100 Proteins / blood
  • Sample Size
  • Troponin I / blood

Substances

  • Biomarkers
  • Cardiotonic Agents
  • Nerve Growth Factors
  • S100 Calcium Binding Protein beta Subunit
  • S100 Proteins
  • S100B protein, human
  • Troponin I
  • Catalase
  • Phosphopyruvate Hydratase