Mechanical interactions between dendritic cells and T cells correlate with T cell responsiveness

J Immunol. 2011 Jul 1;187(1):258-65. doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.1100267. Epub 2011 May 27.

Abstract

Ag recognition is achieved through the communication across intercellular contacts between T cells and APCs such as dendritic cells (DC). Despite remarkable progress in delineating detailed molecular components at the intercellular contacts, little is known about the functional roles of physical cross-junctional adhesion between T and DC in shaping T cell responses. In addition, the mechanisms underlying sensitivity and specificity of Ag discrimination by T cells at intercellular contacts remain to be elucidated. In this study, we use single-cell force spectroscopy to probe the mechanical interactions between DC and T cells in response to stimulation with a panel of altered peptide ligands. The results show that intercellular interactions of DC-T cell conjugates exhibited different ranges of interaction forces in peptide-dependent manners that match the ability of the peptides to activate T cells. Elevated calcium mobilization and IL-2 secretion by T cells were only promoted in response to antigenic peptides that induce strong interaction forces, suggesting that mechanically stable DC-T cell contacts are crucial for driving T cell activation. Strong interactions were not solely dependent on cell-surface molecules such as TCRs and the adhesion molecule LFA-1, but were also controlled by cytoskeletal dynamics and the integrity of membrane lipid rafts. These data provide novel mechanical insights into the effect of Ag affinity on intercellular contacts that align with T cell responsiveness.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Amino Acid Sequence
  • Animals
  • Calcium / metabolism
  • Cell Communication / genetics
  • Cell Communication / immunology*
  • Cell Membrane / immunology
  • Cell Membrane / metabolism
  • Cells, Cultured
  • Cholesterol / deficiency
  • Cholesterol / metabolism
  • Cytoskeleton / immunology
  • Cytoskeleton / pathology
  • Dendritic Cells / immunology*
  • Dendritic Cells / metabolism*
  • Histocompatibility Antigens Class II / immunology
  • Interleukin-2 / metabolism
  • Lymphocyte Activation / immunology*
  • Mice
  • Mice, Knockout
  • Mice, Transgenic
  • Microscopy, Atomic Force
  • Molecular Sequence Data
  • Ovalbumin / immunology
  • Peptide Fragments / immunology
  • Peptides / metabolism
  • Peptides / physiology
  • T-Lymphocyte Subsets / immunology*
  • T-Lymphocyte Subsets / metabolism*

Substances

  • H-2A(b) antigen, mouse
  • Histocompatibility Antigens Class II
  • Interleukin-2
  • OVA 323-339
  • Peptide Fragments
  • Peptides
  • Ovalbumin
  • Cholesterol
  • Calcium