At present, the supposed association between venous thromboembolism and atherosclerosis has yet to be proven. However, no data are available from patients with thrombophilias. We evaluated the association between preclinical atherosclerosis and prevalence of thromboembolic events in patients with thrombophilias. Presence of preclinical atherosclerosis in common carotid and femoral arteries measured by ultrasound was assessed by Belcaro score (based mainly on the presence of plaques) and by measurements of intima media thickness in the same location in 109 patients (43 men, mean age 41.5+/-13 years) with established thrombophilias. Other parameters under the study were age, presence of traditional cardiovascular risk factors, anthropometric and clinical data including blood pressure measurements and medication. The differences between patients with (n=47) and without (n=62) thromboembolic events were assessed by paired t-test and chi square tests. In patients with a history of venous thromboembolism, body mass index and the prevalence of antihypertensive treatment (AT) were significantly higher than in patients without history of thromboembolism (BMI: 26.5+/-5.0 vs. 24.4+/-3.7 kg/m2; p=0.04, AT: 25.5 % vs. 8.1 %; p=0.013). No significant differences between groups were found regarding preclinical atherosclerosis. Overweight and hypertension, but not preclinical atherosclerosis, were more prevalent in patients with thrombophilias suffering from thromboembolism.