Pamidronate treatment of children with moderate-to-severe osteogenesis imperfecta: a note of caution

Horm Res. 2009 Jan;71(1):38-44. doi: 10.1159/000173740. Epub 2008 Nov 27.

Abstract

Background/aims: Bisphosphonates have been reported to decrease fractures related to osteogenesis imperfecta (OI). We assessed the efficacy and long-term safety of pamidronate therapy in patients with moderate-to-severe OI.

Methods: We conducted an open-label uncontrolled study in 14 boys and 13 girls whose mean age was 6.8 years at baseline. Intravenous pamidronate, 1 mg/kg/day, was given for 3 consecutive days every 4 months for 2-6 years, with physical therapy and orthopedic surgery as appropriate. Mobility score, fracture rate, height, bone mineral density (BMD) and bone healing were evaluated throughout follow-up.

Results: In 24 (89%) patients, the fracture rate decreased to <or=2/year and/or the mobility score improved. The remaining 3 (11%) patients continued to experience more than 2 fractures per year with mobility scores <2 despite significant BMD gains. Delayed radiographic fracture healing (>6 months) occurred in 8 (29.6%) patients; their BMD gains, baseline age and treatment duration were not significantly different from those in the other patients. Tolerance was good.

Conclusion: Pamidronate with physiotherapy and orthopedic management improved outcomes without delaying fracture healing in 19 (70%) of 27 patients. Delayed fracture healing occurred in 8/27 patients. Pamidronate should be reserved for severe OI with multiple fractures and/or flattened vertebras.

MeSH terms

  • Absorptiometry, Photon
  • Amino Acids / urine
  • Bone Density
  • Bone Density Conservation Agents / administration & dosage*
  • Bone Density Conservation Agents / adverse effects
  • Child
  • Child, Preschool
  • Diphosphonates / administration & dosage*
  • Diphosphonates / adverse effects
  • Female
  • Fracture Healing / drug effects
  • Fractures, Bone / diagnostic imaging
  • Humans
  • Infusions, Intravenous
  • Male
  • Osteocalcin / blood
  • Osteogenesis Imperfecta / blood
  • Osteogenesis Imperfecta / diagnostic imaging
  • Osteogenesis Imperfecta / drug therapy*
  • Osteogenesis Imperfecta / urine
  • Pamidronate
  • Parathyroid Hormone / blood
  • Prospective Studies

Substances

  • Amino Acids
  • Bone Density Conservation Agents
  • Diphosphonates
  • Parathyroid Hormone
  • Osteocalcin
  • deoxypyridinoline
  • Pamidronate