Tissue-type plasminogen activator release in healthy subjects and hypertensive patients: relationship with beta-adrenergic receptors and the nitric oxide pathway

Hypertension. 2008 Aug;52(2):314-21. doi: 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.108.111559. Epub 2008 Jun 23.

Abstract

The relationship between adrenergic stimuli and NO in modulating tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA) release from endothelial cells was investigated in normotensive subjects and essential hypertensive patients. Sympathetic activation, a well-known stimulus for endogenous fibrinolysis, is also involved in the determination of cardiovascular risk in essential hypertension. However, the existence of cross-talk between adrenergic stimuli and NO availability in modulating t-PA release is not well established yet. We assessed the release of t-PA in the forearm microcirculation of 58 normotensive subjects (mean age: 47+/-9 years) and 44 essential hypertensive patients (mean age: 48+/-11 years) under specific intra-arterial adrenergic stimuli. Intrabrachial infusion of epinephrine (0.1 to 0.3 microg/100 mL per minute) induced greater t-PA release in normotensive subjects as compared with essential hypertensive patients (P<0.05). However, inhibition of NO synthase with N(G)-monomethyl-L-arginine (100 microg/100 mL per minute) infusion blunted epinephrine-induced t-PA release in normotensive subjects (P<0.05) but not in essential hypertensive patients. In normotensive subjects, t-PA release by epinephrine was not affected by phentolamine (8 microg/100 mL per minute) coinfusion and was abolished in the presence of propanolol (10 microg/100 mL per minute). Intrabrachial isoproterenol (0.03 microg/100 mL per minute) induced a significant increase in t-PA release (P<0.01), an effect blunted by N(G)-monomethyl-L-arginine (P<0.05). In essential hypertensive patients, the response to isoproterenol was impaired as compared with normotensive subjects and was unaffected by N(G)-monomethyl-L-arginine coinfusion. In conclusion, the results of the present study demonstrate that adrenergic-induced t-PA release is mediated by beta-adrenoreceptors via a mechanism involving the NO pathway. Our results show an impaired adrenergic-stimulated t-PA release among essential hypertensive patients, probably mediated via a reduced NO availability. This impaired fibrinolytic activity might contribute to the increased cardiovascular risk associated with hypertension.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Analysis of Variance
  • Case-Control Studies
  • Epinephrine / pharmacology
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Hypertension / blood*
  • Hypertension / diagnosis
  • Infusions, Intra-Arterial
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Nitric Oxide / metabolism*
  • Probability
  • Receptors, Adrenergic, beta / analysis
  • Receptors, Adrenergic, beta / metabolism*
  • Reference Values
  • Sensitivity and Specificity
  • Signal Transduction / drug effects
  • Signal Transduction / physiology
  • Tissue Plasminogen Activator / analysis
  • Tissue Plasminogen Activator / metabolism*

Substances

  • Receptors, Adrenergic, beta
  • Nitric Oxide
  • Tissue Plasminogen Activator
  • Epinephrine