Plasmacytoid dendritic cells migrate in afferent skin lymph

J Immunol. 2008 May 1;180(9):5963-72. doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.180.9.5963.

Abstract

Conventional dendritic cells enter lymph nodes by migrating from peripheral tissues via the lymphatic route, whereas plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDC), also called IFN-producing cells (IPC), are described to gain nodes from blood via the high endothelial venules. We demonstrate here that IPC/pDC migrate in the afferent lymph of two large mammals. In sheep, injection of type A CpG oligodinucleotide (ODN) induced lymph cells to produce type I IFN. Furthermore, low-density lymph cells collected at steady state produced type I IFN after stimulation with type A CpG ODN and enveloped viruses. Sheep lymph IPC were found within a minor B(neg)CD11c(neg) subset expressing CD45RB. They presented a plasmacytoid morphology, expressed high levels of TLR-7, TLR-9, and IFN regulatory factor 7 mRNA, induced IFN-gamma production in allogeneic CD4(pos) T cells, and differentiated into dendritic cell-like cells under viral stimulation, thus fulfilling criteria of bona fide pDC. In mini-pig, a CD4(pos)SIRP(pos) subset in afferent lymph cells, corresponding to pDC homologs, produced type I IFN after type A CpG-ODN triggering. Thus, pDC can link innate and acquired immunity by migrating from tissue to draining node via lymph, similarly to conventional dendritic cells.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • CD11c Antigen / immunology
  • CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / cytology
  • CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / immunology
  • Cell Movement / drug effects
  • Cell Movement / physiology*
  • Dendritic Cells / cytology
  • Dendritic Cells / immunology*
  • Female
  • Immunity, Innate / drug effects
  • Immunity, Innate / physiology*
  • Interferon Regulatory Factor-7 / immunology
  • Interferon Type I / immunology
  • Leukocyte Common Antigens / immunology
  • Lymph / cytology
  • Lymph / immunology*
  • Lymph Nodes / cytology
  • Lymph Nodes / immunology
  • Oligodeoxyribonucleotides / immunology
  • Oligodeoxyribonucleotides / pharmacology
  • Plasma Cells / cytology
  • Plasma Cells / immunology*
  • Sheep
  • Skin / cytology
  • Skin / immunology*
  • Swine
  • Swine, Miniature
  • Toll-Like Receptor 7 / immunology
  • Toll-Like Receptor 9 / immunology
  • Viruses / immunology

Substances

  • CD11c Antigen
  • CpG ODN 2216
  • Interferon Regulatory Factor-7
  • Interferon Type I
  • Oligodeoxyribonucleotides
  • Toll-Like Receptor 7
  • Toll-Like Receptor 9
  • Leukocyte Common Antigens