Each case of infectious disease can be considered the consequence of an unexpected event which started an infection chain. Every infectious case is therefore a potential source of epidemic, resulting from the total of the epidemic potential of each individual variable involved in the pathology spreading process. This article identifies the main variables involved in the spreading of infectious diseases in communities, and it develops a method which gives importance to each one of them based on the main control measures available to Public Health operators. From this comes the proposition of valid instructions necessary to develop a triage method which controls infectious and spreading diseases, to identify the ones which need intervention priority within a continuous surveillance and control system.